韩愈《左迁至蓝关示侄孙湘》“雪拥蓝关马不前”历史地图与蓝田关沿革（819年）

Han Yu's 'Demoted and Arriving at Languan Pass' (819 CE) Historical Map & Genealogy

一封朝奏九重天，夕贬潮州路八千。欲为圣明除弊事，肯将衰朽惜残年！云横秦岭家何在？雪拥蓝关马不前。知汝远来应有意，好收吾骨瘴江边。 —— 唐 · 韩愈《左迁至蓝关示侄孙湘》（唐宪宗元和十四年 · 公元819年正月）

唐宪宗元和十四年（公元819年）正月，刑部侍郎韩愈因上《论佛骨表》触怒宪宗，由京师长安（今陕西西安）贬为岭南潮州刺史。韩愈冒严寒出长安东南行，翻越秦岭主脊的蓝田关（简称“蓝关”，即秦汉峣关故址、隋唐蓝田关，位于今陕西省西安市蓝田县东南秦岭七盘岭至蓝桥镇山谷），大雪封山之际侄孙韩湘赶来相送，韩愈遂作千古名篇《左迁至蓝关示侄孙湘》。蓝关扼关中平原经武关道通往商州（今陕西商洛）、南阳及江南岭南之咽喉。

In January 819 CE (14th year of the Yuanhe era), Han Yu was banished from the Tang capital Chang’an to Chaozhou in Lingnan after presenting his Memorial on the Buddha’s Bone. Crossing the Qinling Mountains southeast of Chang’an via Languan (Lantian Pass, modern Lantian County, Xi’an, Shaanxi), heavy snow blocked his horse along the Shangzhou–Wuguan corridor, inspiring his celebrated poem.